State cooperation, challenges and theoretical perspectives from Essay

State collaboration, challenges and hypothetical viewpoints from authenticity and system examination - Essay Example While the scholars credited to the school of authenticity see struggle as a standard between associations by nations, the advocates of global system hold that participation is the characterizing component to their way of thinking. Those attributed to the hypothesis accept that nations participate in different occurrences, for example, inside exchange, universal security just as inside the extent of human rights among different issues (Hercl, 1994, p. 64-66). The presence of global exchange require that the taking an interest states as players inside the exchange to be bound together in some way of collaboration (Litta, 2012, p. 45). Worldwide exchange squares are genuine guides to these relations between the individual nations who comprise the players in global exchange. Other than exchange, some normal intrigue lead to participation between nations, which are, for example, the worldwide natural preservation, rehearses just as the universal joint efforts in security issues. It is alo ng these lines the cases of participation that by definition suggest systems (Buzan, 1993, p. 328-330). In spite of the hypothesis being slanted more onto the liberal view, half and half definitions draws out another part of the hypothesis as pragmatist approach places into point of view the neoliberal perspective in understanding the systems. As indicated by Drezner (2009), â€Å"The essential objective of neoliberal institutionalism was to show that even in an anarchic world populated by states with inconsistent measures of intensity, organized collaboration was still possible† (65). The worldwide helpful associations, for example, the UN and others, which are entrusted with affirming the right organizations of rights to people. Different systems, notable over the globe, center around the regions that the participating states would resolve. Another definition to systems alludes to them as collaborated conduct, where they are clarified by normality of practices, basic guidel ines or standards just as comparable standards (Hasenclever, et al, 2000, p. 3). By and by, presence in particular, of such perspectives as customary practices doesn't generally demonstrate the presence of a system. The general definition neglects to keep the comprehension of systems to completely regularized rules or examples of conduct between states. The assembly of individual entertainers desires portray the certain systems with a case of a system being the ‘oil regime’ of the period between 1945 to 1970 which made out of normal exercises of oligopolistic reliant associations which were bound together by national technique just as rules and had the intercession of the United States as a sovereign power. Regular guidelines and rules directed the collaboration of the nations in question while investigating, creating just as showcasing of the oil based goods, which shaped the purpose of agreement in the system. National administrative systems just as market structures showed terms and states of gracefully that characterized this specific system (Haggard and Simmons, 1987, p. 491-495). Nations reluctant to consent to structures that administer different states inside a system would not shape some portion of this system. Be that as it may, the

Supreme Court Cases Dealing with Pornography

Incomparable Court Cases Dealing with Pornography The Supreme Court has tended to sex entertainment more regularly than practically some other issue of similar explicitness, and little marvel why-the Court has perused an understood foulness special case to the free discourse proviso, giving it the unenviable duty of deciphering an implicit eighteenth century meaning of profanity two centuries later. What's more, the more the Court has endeavored to characterize profanity, the more unpredictable that definition has become.The Supreme Court made things somewhat simpler for itself in three cases, all settled on 1967 and 1973.Jacobellis v. Ohio (1967)Forced to decide if the craftsmanship film Les Amants was revolting, in spite of the way that it was clearly not planned to fill in as erotic entertainment, the Court recognized the trouble of its activity before deciding for the film on different, obscure grounds. Equity Potter Stewart notably caught the Courts challenge: It is conceivable to peruse the Courts sentiment in [past sex entertainment cases] in an assortment of ways. In saying this, I infer no analysis of the Court, which, in those cases, was confronted with the assignment of attempting to characterize what might be indefinable. I have arrived at the resolution, which I believe is affirmed at any rate by negative ramifications in the Courts [recent decisions] that, under the First and Fourteenth Amendments, criminal laws around there are intrinsically constrained to bad-to-the-bone sex entertainment. I will not today endeavor further to characterize the sorts of material I comprehend to be grasped inside that shorthand portrayal, and maybe I would never prevail in comprehensibly doing as such. In any case, I know it when I see it, and the film engaged with this case isn't that. These are the rights that appealing party is stating for the situation before us. He is declaring the option to peruse or see what he satisfies the option to fulfill his scholarly and passionate needs in the security of his own home. He is declaring the option to be liberated from state investigation into the substance of his library. Georgia battles that litigant doesn't have these rights, that there are specific sorts of materials that the individual may not peruse or even have. Georgia legitimizes this affirmation by contending that the movies in the current case are obscene.But we feel that negligible order of these movies as vulgar is deficient avocation for such an intense attack of individual freedoms ensured by the First and Fourteenth Amendments. Whatever might be the defenses for different rules controlling profanity, we don't think they venture into the security of ones own home. In the event that the First Amendment implies anything, it implies that a State should not be telling a man, sitting alone in his own home, what books he may peruse or what films he may watch. Our entire established legacy rebels at the idea of enabling government to control mens minds. The trouble is that we don't manage sacred terms, since indecency isn't referenced in the Constitution or Bill of Rights †¦ for there was no perceived special case to the free press at the time the Bill of Rights was embraced which treated revolting distributions uniquely in contrast to different kinds of papers, magazines, and books †¦ What stuns me might be food for my neighbor. What makes one individual bubble up in rage more than one handout or film may reflect just his despondency, not shared by others. We manage a system of control which, whenever received, ought to be finished by established revision after full discussion by the people.Obscenity cases for the most part produce gigantic enthusiastic upheavals. They should not be being in the courts. In the event that a sacred revision approved restriction, the edit would likely be a managerial organization. At that point criminal arraignments could follow as, if, and when distributers challenged the edit and sold thei r writing. Under that system, a distributer would know when he was on hazardous ground. Under the current system whether the old guidelines or the new ones are utilized the criminal law turns into a snare. By and by, everything except the most destructive and exploitative types of sex entertainment have by and large been decriminalized in spite of the Courts relative absence of lucidity on this issue.

12 Personal Finance Twitter Accounts You Should Follow Today

12 Personal Finance Twitter Accounts You Should Follow Today 12 Personal Finance Twitter Accounts to Follow Today! 12 Personal Finance Twitter Accounts to Follow Today!We know. You want to learn more about personal finance, but you just don’t know where to start! Never fear. In addition to all the great personal finance resources available at OppLoans.com, we also have a list of twelve awesome accounts that you can follow on Twitter.There is a wealth of smart, sound financial wisdom right at your fingertips. All you need to do is click.@DistilledDollarTwitter Bio: From earning a living to building wealth. A CPA fiancée distilling $$ topics down on our path to financial independence by age 35.What We Say: Chicago (and also forming sustainable personal finance habits) represent!@WiseBreadTwitter Bio: Personal Finance and Frugal Living Portal. Tweets by Ashley Jacobs (@CollegeCents)What We Say: Get tips and wisdom from a whole slew of amazing personal finance writers and experts. One of the best in the biz!@CentSaiTwitter Bio: CentSai is a group of  #Millennial  Finance experts teaching personal finance through stories.What We Say: We love personal finance. We love stories. We love Centsai. Check out our interview with Centsai Senior Advisor Beth Tallman!@CentSaiAdultingTwitter Bio: Be So Money, Your Finances Are Jealous.What We Say: Adulting is hard, ya’ll. But with these fine folks, you can adult better.@MoneyTiperoTwitter Bio: Personal finance tips including saving, budgeting, investing and dealing with debt. Share your own money tip! http://tiperosity.com/sign_up  What We Say: If you like ‘em short and sweet, then this is the account for you!@The_Budget_MomTwitter Bio: Accredited Financial Counselor ® Helping real women live on a real budget.What We Say: Wonderful advice here about how to save and how to live.@ThePennyHoarderTwitter Bio: The Penny Hoarder is one of the worlds largest personal finance websites with 10+ million monthly readers.What We Say: If you were going to read only one personal finance website, this might just be the one.@FinFitandFabTwitter Bio : I help millennials kick their finances into shape! Freelance writer VA for hire.What We Say: Great advice. Great writing. Great stuff!@TheBudgetnistaTwitter Bio: Americas favorite financial educator #1 bestselling author: The One Week Budget. HuffPost blogger. Seen on: TODAY/ MSNBC/ TIME/ NYTimes/ FORBES/ ReutersWhat We Say: A gateway to all of the spectacular advice that Tiff the Budgetnista has to offer.@MllnnlbudgetTwitter Bio: #PersonalFinance  Blogger | Dividend Investor | MBA | Tax Accountant | Caribbean Born | Millennial AdvocateWhat We Say: Sound advice to help millennials (an anyone!) get their finances under control.@StefanieOconnelTwitter Bio: #PersonalFinance  expert. Helping #millennials  master their  #money  so they can build lives and careers on THEIR terms.  http://stefanieoconnell.com  What We Say: Expert wisdom that is expertly given.@mnmlstfinanceTwitter Bio: #blogger  at Minimalist Finance | architecture grad | Im passionate about paying off $40k in debt and inspiring others to do the sameWhat We Say: This fantastic site combines personal finance insight with Amanda’s personal mission to become debt free.And of course, if you don’t follow us already, make sure you do that: You can find us at @OppLoans.Happy Tweeting!

The Process of Decision Making Essay - 1122 Words

Organizational behavior helps managers to improve the organization in a good way. Decision making process is the one of the behavior in human organizational behavior. According to McShane and Von Glinow (2000), â€Å"decision making a conscious process of making choices among one or more alternatives with the intention of moving toward some desired state of affairs†. Decision making is a linear process and it includes six steps such as identifying the problems, gather and evaluate data, list and evaluate alternatives, select best action, implement the decision and getter feedback (refer to Figure 1 in Appendix 1). First step in decision making process is identifying the problems. As McShane and Von Glinow (2000) stated, a problem can be†¦show more content†¦As stated by Prasad (2008), the managers should identify the different choices available in order to get most acceptable outcome of a decision. From searching different alternatives the managers can evade blocks in operations as choices are suitable if a particular idea goes wrong. Khanka (2000) expresses the view that selections can developed from in many ways such as can get from sources like experience, do training other organizations, and take others ideas and suggestions related in problems. Furthermore to improve alternatives solution the managers may investigation the signs of a problem for clues or fall back on intuition or result that stated by Griffin and Moorhead (2010). For an example in marketing department a non-programmed decision is compulsory the manager have to produce alternatives for raise market share. As McSha ne and Von Glinow (2000) pointed out that in a programmed decision is a standard operations is not to generate choice but can take out from the documented that already saved. Next an organizer should search the mission of a decision. In other words they need to define what is to be accomplished by it (Quick Nelson, 2013). The decision criteria are important as mentioned by Dubrin (2002). The several criteria are consumers must aware of varies in quality of products, there not happen inflation, workers must consider the quality of improvements and lastly job satisfaction should not be reduce. Third process of decision making is list andShow MoreRelatedDecision Making Process776 Words   |  4 Pages| Decision Making Process | Choosing a College | | | 3/19/2012 | | It is never easy to make decisions in life, especially life changing decisions. The decision making process is a very difficult process that is used by everyone in one way or another. Some people may alter the decision making process in order to fit their own needs and their own personal circumstances, but there is a model that has been provided in order to show the basic steps. The decision making process modelRead MoreDecision Making Process1454 Words   |  6 PagesYou are a senior manager of â€Å"X† Ltd. You have to take a major decision. Discuss what decision you are making and all the factors you are going to consider. How you are going to make the decision? | | Unilever today is a trusted name in both Bangladesh and other parts of the world. Listening to the people, who buy our products, helped us to grow into one of the world s most successful consumer goods companies. In fact, 150 million times a day, someone somewhere chooses a Unilever product. In theRead MoreThe Decision-Making Process2267 Words   |  10 PagesTraditional Decision-Making Process 1 Making Rational Decisions 2 Problem Definition-Rational 3 Identify Decision Criteria-Rational 3 Weight the Criteria-Rational 3 Generate the Alternatives-Rational 4 Evaluate the Alternatives-Rational 4 Select the Optimal Solution-Rational 4 Making â€Å"Good Enough† Decisions 4 Making Intuitive Decisions 4 Making Creative Decisions 5 Global Decision Making 5 Ethical Decision Making 5 Key Aspects of the Management Process 6 Decision-Making in Today’s ChangingRead MoreDecision Making Process2237 Words   |  9 PagesDECISION-MAKING PROCESS: Decision-making process is a six step process. The stages can be summarized as: (1) identifying and diagnosing the problem, (2) generating alternative solutions, (3) evaluating alternatives, (4) choosing the best alternative, (5) implementing the decisions, and (6) evaluating the results. Identifying and diagnosing the problem The first stage of decision-making is identifying and diagnosing a problem or opportunity. An opportunity is a special type of problem that requiredRead MoreThe Process Of Decision Making1910 Words   |  8 PagesThe process of decision making can be easily understood as selecting one course of action over other courses actions available. There are also steps that are involved in making decisions. These steps include: (1) pinpointing the problem; (2) identifying the cause; (3) setting objectives; (4) formulating alternative courses of action; (5) evaluating alternatives against organizational objectives; (6) choosing the best course of action; and (7) implementing and evaluating the decision (Holzer and SchwesterRead MoreEthical Decision-Making in the Military Decision-Making Process5155 Words   |  21 PagesEthical Decision-Making in the Military Decision-Making Process Contribution to the JSCOPE 2000 Conference â€Å"Moral Considerations in Military Decision Making†. Dr. D. (Desiree) Verweij Lieutenant Colonel G.A.A.M. (Gà ©rard) Cloà ¯n (drs.) Major E.C. (Erhan) Tanercan MED (drs.) E-mail: ilmo@army.disp.mindef.nl Tel: +31 76 527 46 53 begin_of_the_skype_highlighting +31 76 527 46 53 end_of_the_skype_highlighting Introduction A great deal hasRead MoreThe Decision Making Process Of Consumers Essay1679 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction One of the important objective of marketers is to identify and understand the purchase decision maker. Understanding them helps the marketers in various fields from product manufacturing process to developing a good marketing strategy. The focus of the review of the research is to understand the decision making process by focussing on family buying decision or role of gender in family buying decision. Over the last few years, the pattern of family has changed a lot. Changing are occurring inRead MoreDecision-making Process of Teens786 Words   |  3 PagesTeens often have questionable decisions, baffling adults with how they had come up with those choices. The effects of peers, emotions, and parents in a teen’s decision process. In The Tragedy of Romeo and Juliet, a play by William Shakespeare, teens displayed sudden decisions without the thought of consequences. Teenagers get the opportunity to test their abilities through risks to discover themselves. Decisions do not appea r automatically, stemming from a series of events taken place in the brainRead MoreOrganization Decision Making Process1052 Words   |  4 PagesAn organization continually makes decisions at all levels. Until the past decade, most organizations and their managers and employees operated in an information and knowledge fog, making decisions based on best guesses about the past and present, and making expensive errors in the process. Many have failed throughout the course trying to improve the decision making process, there are many ways that contribute to the failure. Organizations can easily miss the market, by not having the right intelligenceRead MoreThe Military Decision Making Process923 Words   |  4 PagesDecision making is identifying the problem, analyzing the problem, find solutions for the problem and decide the solution for the problem. This is the army definition of Decision making. â€Å"Decision making is knowing if to decide, then when and what to decide. It inc ludes understanding the consequence of decisions.†(FM101-5) The military decision-making process (MDMP) is â€Å"An iterative planning methodology to understand the situation and mission, develop a course of action, and produce an operation

Is Cloning Good Or Harmful Essay - 2074 Words

They Have Been Here All Along Cloning is not solely a big science-fiction thing like most people think it is. Cloning is real and is currently in use to this day and in various ways. Cloning has made a big difference in the world but has not received its right to fame due to the well-known rumors about it or overstated few odd facts about it. However, cloning is used in more ways than most people think or imagine. There are many small things that are being made in the world by cloning and the world is better due to its use. Cloning is extremely helpful and it is used to make medicine, it has a positive economic impact and can improve the lives of all living things. Cloning has always been thought of as something futuristic like something right out of a mad scientists mind, as in movie or book. It has been used in countless media forms such as Star Wars, Jurassic Park and many other iconic films. The media betrayal has put cloning to fame. Most of the world has heard of cloning and many ideas come to mind, however most of the thoughts that come to mind are misconstrued and outdated due to media misconceptions and conclusions drawn upon by the public. That being said, cloning’s overall myths or rumors get built into what people believe to become common knowledge or facts about cloning. Cloning is much more than just making a copy of a person or some kind of object. Dolly the sheep was the first mammal to be cloned from an adult cell. Other living things had been cloned beforeShow MoreRelatedThe Intense Debate Over Cloning753 Words   |  3 Pagespeople to realize many things their ancestors would not have even dreamed of. Cloning is absolutely one of them. Having identical twins without being born on the same they is like a dream come true. But what is cloning exactly? Cloning ,particularly in biotechnology, is the process used to create copies of DNA fragment, cells, or organisms. Attempts at cloning might go back to much earlier times such as the attempt made by Hans DreischRead MoreAgainst Animal Cloning1063 Words   |  4 PagesAgainst Animal Cloning The welfare of animals should be considered when thinking about cloning and artificially creating new animals, but those who want to clone animals disregard any repercussions that would arise from any harmful effects on the animals. In this case, a primary animal could go literally extinct because of how humans are either invading their environment or even killing them. Animals are less likely to survive as clones. Animals should not be cloned because there is no guaranteeRead MoreThe Controversy Of Cloning And Cloning1156 Words   |  5 Pagesorganisms are able to use for cloning? Some people may wonder whether cloned organisms exist or not after watching live action movies, animes or cartoons that consist of cloned characters. The answer for this question is yes, clones do exist. The term, cloning is a process of producing genetic identical living organism asexually using genetic material such as DNA. A cloned organism is likely to have the identical gene with the parents. There are several types of cloning such as therapeutic, reproductiveRead MoreThe Cloning Of Cloning For Medical Services1586 Words   |  7 PagesThe Ethicality of Cloning Cloning the latest process that could change the way we look at our environment, and the step to take us to lose what makes us unique and unparalleled. Cloning is the process of producing a genetically identical individual to the original. There are three types of cloning: gene cloning, reproductive cloning and therapeutic cloning. The disadvantages of cloning is that there had been many attempts at cloning and the results have been numerous deformations and abnormalitiesRead MoreThe Consequences Of Cloning In Frankenstein By Mary Shelley1470 Words   |  6 PagesThe invention of cloning, both a blessing and a curse, can possibly enable humanity to reach eternal life. An invention is the creation of a device developed after a study or an experiment, in the hopes of benefiting society. The novel Frankenstein by Mary Shelley is about an inventor, Victor Frankenstein, who creates life that he later rejects. His invention results in consequences for both himself and his creation. Both c loning and the creation of the monster was made to benefit and advance society’sRead MoreMarxs Term For Capitalist1723 Words   |  7 Pages no matter how harmful it may be to the consumer, the government will not step in to protect the citizen of Americans. As the bourgeoisie owns the industry, this fact has been proven within the video of Food Inc. What is astonishing is that a company was actually able to get a patent on life. How can a company be allowed to monopolize an entire industry? That is depriving people of their basic human right of life, to eat healthy food, food that has not been modified by harmful hormones or geneticsRead MoreFrankenstein by Mary Shelley1093 Words   |  4 PagesEver since man evolved, technology has been improving. There has also been the debate of whether these improvements are necessary, harmful, or important. Some can argue that these advancements can be harmful, and that technology is moving faster than man can contend with. That a rgument is the premises, moral, and plot base for Mary Shelleys tale Frankenstein. On the other hand, J. Michael Bishops, essay Enemies of Promise   on the other hand promotes and boast sciences achievements. However, MaryRead MoreCloning Humans Essay example769 Words   |  4 PagesCloning Humans Cloning is the process of duplicating a genetically identical organism through non-sexual means. Cloning can be done with plants animals including human, but it had been success with only plants and animals not human, since there are some argument going on about is it right or wrong to clone human (which is actually what this essay is all about). The first cloned mammal is a sheep named Dolly in 1997.The scientists had cloned other animals, such asRead MoreIs Cloning Good For The Environment?1549 Words   |  7 PagesCloning is done when a cell is replicated by using asexual reproduction and turns out to be the exact same as the host. Most people believe that cloning is very harmful and weird, while some believe that cloning is good for the environment and, it helps the world become very successful. I believe that cloning is horrible because it causes large offspring syndrome, has a very high failure percentage, has unknown consequences, the economy is affected poorly, causes an abnormal population increase,Read More Genetic Engineering Essay993 Words   |  4 Pagesthe advancement of technology, we have genetic engineering. Genetic engineering is both a threat and a benefit for humans in our continuous strive to manipulate the environment. The basic uses for genetic engineering include gene therapy, cloning, biological warfare, vaccines and antibiotic, human reproduction, and food production. Most of these uses of genetic engineering have positive results for humans; however there are some areas that have negative results. Gene-therapy is the

Situation Evasion Free Essays

Situation evasion in Johnson Pharmaceuticals By:Course:College:professor:Date:There are different types of situation leadership models with each having its own set of clearly defined principals that govern it. For a management to choose which set to use it must be aware of the variables that internally exist in its organization; the work force and policies to follow. Even as this developments crop up the organizations must be careful to infringe the rights of the workers or breach any direction that was stipulated in their work contracts (Lindsay-2014). We will write a custom essay sample on Situation Evasion or any similar topic only for you Order Now External factors like new government policies and stiff competition from competitor organize also initiates the situation leadership skills protocol among its management. The status quo of how and when activities of an organization are done usually makes a sharp shift to keep up with the dynamics of the wakeup call. Organizations risk being shut down if they become non compliant to state regulatory laws or risk being kicked out of the business by competitors if they don’t keep up with the development pace. When and if a company is forced or willingly decides to initiate the situation leadership protocol, it must analyze the variables to enable it pick the most effective model. Among factors to consider is size of management board compared to size of normal employees, the relevant skills that the workforce posses and the motivation levels among its workforce. Before that the organization must prioritize the tasks it wants to do and write down specific timeframes for each, depending on the urgency the priorities must always be narrowed down to three for easy execution and assessment. This was the exact position the Johnson Pharmaceuticals was in a few years back when the food and drug agency (FDA) was all over their backs for it to comply with the new policies and standards of production. Johnson Pharmaceuticals has an array of companies that produce disease and curative drugs in addition to the other medical cosmetic products. Due to the urgency of the policies to be implemented, compliance of the new laws had to be made the top priority in all its vast industries by default. To be efficient and curb total market dominance by its competitors the company made customer satisfaction its second and last priority at that time. Every manager in the vast organization was tasked in choosing which situation model to deploy as each had company had different markets and a specific competitor to conquer. Failure to comply meant revocation of its ISO certificate and eventual closure and failure to curb competition would mean losing customers, being thrown out of business and eventual shut down. If the two courses were not prioritized at the same the tumbling down of the organization was as sure as death (Lindsay-2014). The variables in complying with the new FDA policies were not as diverse and daunting as the variables around customer satisfaction. Language of communication, delivery time, product uniqueness, consistency in delivery, perfection of services and quality product are among the universal variables around customer satisfaction topic. A complete analysis on them will draw a conclusion that most of them are external and efficiency would only be ascertained if the customer base is retained if not increase and if the management would get feedback from customer on their product and service delivery. Either way, the task had to be done. Question 1 The situational leadership style used by the CEO of company A was the DIRECTIVE style of situation handling. As explained in my introduction; a manager must take note of the job skills and motivation levels of his workforce. The work force in company A low amount of skills and low amount of motivation required for the task ahead. To counter this, the management had to deploy high motivation actions and high structuring actions (Lindsay-2014). The actions were meant to add more skills to the workforce and motivate it into doing the job. Here the CEO had to put his hands in the job to show his lot that the job can be done. The dynamics of this kind of situation model are that the management has to make all the policies and decisions; this is meant to reduce psychological pressure on the workforce. It has a single communication pathway where the workforce only report back to the management.The CEO of Company B used the DELEGATING style of situation management. This style is used when the workforce requires low amount of structuring and low amount of motivation skills. In this scenario the workforce is usually equipped with the basic skills on the job and there are high motivation levels among them. This is the simplest type of situation handling as the workforce is experienced and it knows what is required from them. The management usually makes the policies with the help of workers; assign specific instructions to them then the workers later communicate the progress up the management ladder. Question 2 The delegating style is deduced to have an advantage over the latter as there are fewer variables in it. Only praise for motivation is required to keep the spirits of the workforce (Lindsay-2014). If the two styles were used in a short timeline within the two companies then delegating would still take the day because experience reduces the timeline in which tasks are normally done. Question 3 It would be very surprising if the directing style outdid the delegating style in performance. This would mean that there was serious information breakdown on the information path and imply that there is a big managerial problem in company B. Other critics may argue that the workforce in directing style was eager learn and was responsive to the little motivation or many the management in it was more supporting than the workforce in delegating style (Lindsay-2014). Well, the statement may hold water but then likelihood of that is very low. References A book by Evans, J.R and Lindsay, W.M written in 2014,Managing for quality and performance (9th edition)Cengage learning. How to cite Situation Evasion, Papers

Qualitative Data Analysis Osmotic Communication

Question: Write a Qualitative analysis section that describes the analytical approach of one of the case study data collection described in the proposals completed in assignment ? Answer: When people work together in a close environment, both temporally and physically there exists a chance of having an osmotic communication. This refers to the indirect transfer of information by noticing things taking place in the environment or by overhearing the conversations taking place between people in the nearby surrounding. The present writing is a qualitative data analysis of the effectiveness and ineffectiveness of osmotic communication. In agile software development, Alistair Cockbrun states that different models can be used for communication when people feel that they must apply the strategies for working together. One such method is osmotic communication. Osmotic communication is a person-to-person meand of communication that is enhanced by a shared modeliing system. The Ambysoft 2008 Agile Principles and Practices survey explored the effectiveness of osmotic communication strategies in a software development team and between the team members and the stakeholders. The several factors that contribute to effective communication and the advantages of it are physical proximity, temporal proximity, amicability. Osmotic communication has the goal to share information and the information sharing is typically a two-way method (Panza, 2013). The success of osmotic communication depends on the right means of applying osmotic communication. Finally, there is a need of having a positive view of communication. When the people are closer to one another, there are greater chances of having osmotic communication. When two or more people are working away from one another communication in the indirect manner, that is osmotic communication, cannot take place in an effective manner. The willingness to hear the thoughts of others and getting to speak without malice is the advantage of osmotic communication. The greater the amicability a greater amount and quality of information will be communicated and less will be concealed by an osmotic communication process. Osmotic communication builds the relation between team members and gives a sense of belonging. It can be interpreted that osmotic communication enhances amicability (Cline, 2015). Figure: Implication of osmotic communication The above data shows the increase in effectiveness of osmotic communication with different kinds of conversation and flow of information. These include face to face communication, video conversation, digital conversation and audio recording. The most effectiveness is found in face to face communication. Communication Strategy Within Team With Stakeholders Face to face (F2F) 4.25 4.06 F2F at Whiteboard 4.24 3.46 Overview diagrams 2.54 1.89 Online chat 2.1 0.15 Overview documentation 1.84 1.89 Teleconference calls 1.42 1.51 Videoconferencing 1.34 1.62 Email 1.08 1.32 Detailed Documentation -0.34 0.16 Table: Effectiveness of osmotic communication strategies on agile development teams Graph: Modes of osmotic communication The above graph shows the modes of osmotic communication. The patter from A to B shows the means of osmotic communication. It compares the effectiveness of different modes of osmotic communication and the richness of communication channel used. The two arcs Ato B and C to D consists of audiotape to videotape conversation and email to face-to-face conversation. The arc intersect at the means of communication by videotape and email conversation. These relative value of these options are of course dependent on the situational. It is not easy to stimulate an effective osmotic communication without the support of people working together in the same room. However, adjacent rooms having a few number of people in each of the rooms has many benefits for the people for carrying out the information. The use of microphones, web cameras, chat sessions stimulates such kind of communication. With teams using modern technologies, they can get a close communication for useful purposes. Yet, there is a lot more time left for taking up osmotic communication other than physical activity between he members of the team (Meyer, 2014). Osmotic communication has its set of hazards. The most common and significant ones are noise and flow of questions to the most senior expert in the team. People have the chance of self-regulation in such cases and they undertake less idle chats. Attempt to safeguard the senior expert in a team in a private office may not be advantageous in many cases. The person needs to be the central point of the team. The senior expert is always in high demand and when the person is missing from the team, the chances of development are taken away. Having the senior expert in the same room is a special use of osmotic communication. It is often found that the best success property is not suitable in some situations. Osmotic communication is clearly no exception (Broadbent, 2013). The cost associated with the osmotic communication is low. However, is very effective in Agile project communication. The high feedback rate is very high useful for Agile project communication. This usually happens in the war room. The agile project team is self-disciplined and self-organised. Therefore, such kind of osmotic communication is very much useful and beneficial in such conditions. For example, a team member, Mary, is writing a certain e-mail notification module and is having a discussion with a peer to integrate the solution with Microsoft Outlook software. They are working in an Agile project in a collocated facility. Thomas, another team member, sitting in the same war room and having previously worked on the same module overhears the conversation. He may come up and provide guidance to Mary for resolving the problem. A lot of forth and back communication is saved due to the application of osmotic communication channel within the team. But it must be kept in mind that o smotic communication can take place only when the team is collocated. With the use of other collaboration tools, this can be achieved easily for the whole team (Grunig, 2013). Osmotic communication is the general drift of information and this can take place in a software developing team. A certain group of programmers having a discussion on the certain issue can be overheard by other programmers. They can handle onto the latest important issues in the project they are working on. In agile projects, it is common for optimising the office layout regarding open communication. It is not that there is a need of requirement analysis. But there are certain implications when the number of people working in the group extends over a certain number. As more number of people get involved in the project, the benefits of such osmotic communication are lost. Osmotic communication is not the only quality to suffer when a team expands, but it is certain that it is a major effect. So it can be considered that modifications in teams lead to decay in communication and lack of osmotic communication creates a gap in effective communication (Thorson Moore, 2013). From the data gathered, it can be concluded that osmotic communication has some advantages as well as some disadvtanges. If the two sides are compared, it is evident that the effectiveness of osmotic communication is more. References Broadbent, D. E. (2013).Perception and communication. Elsevier. Cline, A. (2015). Preparing the Project. InAgile Development in the Real World(pp. 75-90). Apress. Grunig, J. E. (2013).Excellence in public relations and communication management. Routledge. Meyer, B. (2014, January). Agile methods. InAgile!(pp. 133-143). Springer International Publishing. Panza, M. (2013). Colocation: A Case Study in the Rewards and Perils. Thorson, E., Moore, J. (2013).Integrated communication: Synergy of persuasive voices. Psychology Press.

REBEL OF THE UNDERGROUND Essays - Hip Hop, Shakur Family

"REBEL OF THE UNDERGROUND" The Life and Works of Tupac Amaru Shakur Both Tupac and Amaru are words of Inca origin. Together they mean, shining serpent. Shakur means thankful to God, from the Arabic language. Tupac, commonly known as America's most controversial rapper was labeled a gangster rapper and one of the largest figures in the rap community. He was always known for doing what he wanted and not caring what others thought of him. His life symbolized what a lot of people have gone through. Through his music and movies he showed how hard life can be. On June 16, 1971 Tupac was born to Alice Faye Williams in Brooklyn, NY. His mother was a revolutionary as she called herself Afeni Shakur. For many years she associated herself with members of the well-known Black Panther Party. She joined a New York chapter of the Panther Party in 1964 and fell in love with an organizer, Lumumba Abdul Shakur. After four years with Lumumba, Afeni started to see another party member, William Garland who was another activist working with the party members to support their causes. Around this time things were going downhill for Afeni. In 1969 she and other members of the Panther were arrested and charged with several felony counts, including conspiracy to bomb a public place. A well-educated schoolteacher, Afeni decided to defend herself. However, things took a turn for the worst. While out on bail she became pregnant with Tupac. Soon after, her bail was revoked. Afeni recalls: having previously miscarried four or five times, she did not expect to carry him to term. But Tupac, she says, wanted to be in this world. She remembers while in her cell she would pat her belly and say, This is my prince. He is going to save the black nation (Kin 151). Acquitted and released on 156 counts from the Women's House of Detention in Greenwich Village for lack of evidence, she was now out of jail and eight months pregnant with Tupac. By the time Tupac was born, Afeni had already lined up a job as a paralegal and things started looking up. However, soon after his birth, Afeni started snorting cocaine. For a while she was a very loving mother. Afeni started to see a man by the name of Mutulu as she tried to bring a father figure into Tupac's life. He was also a member of the Panther party. Soon after, Afeni was pregnant with her second child, Sekyiwa. A few months before her due date, Mutulu had been sentenced to sixty years for a fatal armored car robbery. Afeni was once again a single mother raising Tupac along with his sister. A couple of years later his mother decided to move her family to Baltimore, Maryland, for a fresh start. While in Maryland the world got its first true taste of the life and works of Tupac Amaru Shakur. By the age of twelve Tupac had already landed his first role with the 127th Street Ensemble, a theater group he attended in the impoverished Harlem section of Manhattan. Having to suddenly leave the group, Tupac wanted to continue studying theater. In Baltimore, Tupac was quickly enrolled in the High School of the Performing Arts. His mother made sure he was well educated, she recalls He was articulate. I trained him. Punishment for him was reading The New York Times. At age fifteen Tupac began to study acting and ballet at the Baltimore School of the Arts. Although mostly white students attended the school, Tupac felt in touch with them. He recalled: Them white kids had things we never seen. That was the first time I saw there was white people who you could get along with. Before that, I just believed what everyone else said: They were devils. But I loved it. I loved going to school. It taught me a lot. I was starting to feel like I really wanted to be an artist. (Tupac) While in the school of Arts, Tupac met a special friend, Jada Pinkett, whom he shared time with and created performances for anyone interested. Most teachers said he looked very promising; unfortunately he never finished school because his mother felt she needed an overall change. Afeni

Computer Tech essays

Computer Tech essays We are living in the era of a knowledge revolution and are entering an informative society. Information capabilities of computers have made possible multinational corporations, and their analytic and imaging capabilities have made possible scientific and engineering breakthroughs. Both at individual and institutional levels, computer technologies suggest fundamental changes in the organization of everyday life. So, what kind of tool is a computer, and in which way do people get engage with computers? Computers are objects that are becoming dominant features in the human environment. Initially, computers were not socially neutral (i.e. residual ideologies when computers were first launched); they were substitutes for humans and were defined as only appropriate for certain social roles belonging to young faculty and graduate students, signifying their lack of resources to hire human support staff. As time passes, people soon began to realize that computers have the potential for uses in diverse kinds of workplaces, diverse applications, and varied transformations in work (i.e. emergent ideologies as people began to understand the importance of computer existence). Now, in general, computers are intended as a dominant medium for introduction of technical pedagogy, problem solving, into education settings and with other pedagogies. Since computers are general-purpose devices, they are used for a variety of applications. There are many disciplines, professions and technologies where computers have become of central importance. For instances, as in education, computers are completely accepted into the mainstream activity. It is also clear that computers will play an increasing large and eventually dominant role in our everyday life. Computers often make more efficient use of resources and hence, they provide the ultimate rationale for precision and efficiency. Indeed, computers are everywhere. People view computers as...

Capstone Research Project Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words - 2

Capstone Project - Research Paper Example It is the view of this paper the Department of Homeland Security should come up with better screening strategies, efficient devices and trained staff in order to minimize or prevent any attack. Effective security is a matter of concern that should be paid attention to because it affects every nation (Silke, 2003). Globally, terrorism attacks have been noted to occur frequently in several countries. Such attacks usually end up in massive destruction because of lack of preparedness. Silke highlights that most of the attacks that have been reported occur during transportation and especially air travel. He states that long air travels are usually targeted because they give the terrorists’ time to plan the attack without being noticed unlike the short journeys. According to Silke (2003), many attacks are conducted by individuals or small entities that claim to have a relation with the Al-Qaida. Terrorism attacks in the United States still remain a matter of concern because they emanate from within the country and internationally. There has been an increase in the activities in the recent few years hence calling for the need of restructuring of policies and strategies tha t will counter the attacks. Counterterrorism success in the United States is reducing due to management and ineffective security actions in the security department (State News Service, 2013). Before the 9/11 attacks, screening for explosives in the aviation sector was limited to certain baggage especially those in international flights (Rollestone, 2012). After the attacks, the aviation and transportation security unit came up with strict policies and insisted on 100% screening of baggage on international flights to and from America. After the attacks, there was a safety upgrade in the transport sector where devices such as sensors, scanners and cameras that monitored the movement

Leading and managing people Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 2

Leading and managing people - Essay Example In this instance Ross was an effective leader because, he was understanding in the first instance and there and therefore knew the strategies of handling conflict management. The management should understand their staff and ensure they motivated at the first place, development, get inspirations and conflict management to facilitate achievement of organizations goals. This is portrayed in the sociogram that show Ross as an motivating leader. From my understanding and the question, a critical review of leadership and management in this group would involve team building. Firstly, this group lacked the team building techniques. For instance, in a group there exists a variety of personalities with diverse and distinguishing characteristics, skills, requires different kinds of motivation for the achievement of an organizational goal as portrayed in the sociogram. This is shown in the group that portrays Ross as an effective leader. The management should, therefore, understand that they are dealing with different kind of people in the workplace, for example, some are introverts and others extroverts and both should be handled differently depending on their reactions and also try to tame them in conflict management. For our case, this is a group of individuals who are independent and with different abilities, skills, attitudes, temperament among others but they are committed towards the achievement of a common goal and objecti ve. Therefore, it is important for all group members to work for a mutual benefit and goals of an organization. In this case, a leader and not necessarily a manager are required to enable this group. Conflicts that are unavoidable in an organization as a result of various factors should be handled carefully. All the members are entitled to work collectively and collaboratively and be aware of their roles, responsibilities and accountability for their work. For instance in this group, Ross lacked the

Cultural Changes That Influenced 20th Century Aesthetics Cultural Studies Essay

Cultural Changes That Influenced 20th Century Aesthetics Cultural Studies Essay Among the social and cultural highlights of Twentieth Century should be noted the loss of optimism, a confidence that since eighteenth centurys Enlightenment relied on the values of reason and progress. At the same time, a cultural relativism extends, by which Western man no longer sees himself as having a superior culture. A third transformation factor is the emergence of mass culture, a product of mass media and of the progressive availability of leisure time. This historical context led to a new artistic sensibility. European culture began exploring novel ways, looking for more modern forms of expression appropriate to the times. Because of the profound crisis that took place at the time, the ideas and society changed, and myriad of artistic trends were developed. You could no longer speak of an era, a movement or a tendency to guide the entire artistic production, but of a multiplicity of styles that increased over time. The loss of optimism and confidence in the values of reason and progress was due to the release that society experienced from traditional values, which began at the academy, and like every human release it had its origins as a liberation of thought whose leader was Nietzsche who denounced rationalism and ethnocentrism as unfit values of a society in decline. This shift meant the development of art as a search to find its own essence and authenticity in opposition to the established canons. Art refrained from representing experiences and the objects of experience as it was used before, especially during the Romanticism in a way that used to create human-like or more precisely Western-like representations, the new art desisted of such expressions and thus it became sort of dehumanized. Art looked for a lost authenticity of its own and it succeed, it became like itself. During this period art ceases to be affected by the values of Romanticism, beginning to base its work according to the Nietzchean thought of art as a representation of truth: a theory rooted in a return to the ancient Greek conception of tragic insight as Nietzsche conceived it, a theory of a performative art that would deliver a Dionysian interpretation of the world and would reveal the autogenerative fountain of existence and return art to the role it possessed in German idealist philosophy -the role of providing a doorway onto ontological truth there are now artistic accomplishments that follow the route which Nietzsche would have laid out had he composed a purely aesthetics volume in the last years of his life. (Ulfers Cohen, 2000) Popular concepts like progress or rationalist visions rooted in common sense came to be regarded as naive by critics and artists who came towards a creation in itself artistic, the new art is an artistic art (Ortega y Gasset, 1968), which means that instead of representing human experiences as we come to find them, art will make representations of the genuine traits that follow from an effort for catching what really happens, thus art becomes like itself. Because this selfness of art has been solely understood and contemplated by scholars, critics, artists and a few followers, art has vanished from the domain of common people, becoming exclusive. With minimal art, conceptual art, ephemeral art, the anti-art, a dematerialization of art is spoken about, an aesthetic of transparency, of disappearance and disincarnating, but in reality it is the aesthetic that has materialized everywhere under operational form. Thats why, moreover, that art has been forced to be minimal, to interpret its own demise. (Baudrillard, 1993) According to the study of Baudrillard the current state of things is after the orgy, where everything has been released, but then has left a void, which is needed to keep the excesses of simulations of dreams, situations, images, illusions and fantasies. Characterizing the current state of things, I would say that this is the post-orgy. The orgy is the explosive moment of modernity, that of liberation in all areas. Political liberation, sexual liberation, liberation of productive forces, liberation of destructive forces, and liberation of women, of children, of the unconscious impulses, liberation of art. (Baudrillard, 1993) This release refers originally to the liberation of thought as we saw how the philosophical thinking made critics and artists to carry forward their creation according to an ideal of authenticity, that is, according to their freedom. Once ethnocentrism was revealed as a fallacy of nineteenth centurys Rationalism, the artists saw that their way of seeing things, the way of the society to which they belonged, was no longer the only canon to perform, emerging the other side in the perception of creators, as unconscious, as indigenous, as woman and as folly. The emergence of mass culture from the media allowed the liberation of art to become massive in its operation, which generated a trivialization of art that reversed the initial impetus for transparency and authenticity to an emptiness of content and an evaluation of art that is not through the critics, but mainly by the market, whether it is a pastiche, if its a neo from any movement, if it says or doesnt say nothing, if whoever creates it or if its just nothing, the only thing that matters is that the market pays for it. At this point it is appropriate to distinguish and to warn of a critique of art that refers to what is not art, as if it was art. By mid-century art began to be valued for the amateur and profane production of dilettante items, artistic according to the propaganda, crossed in its creation by the neoliberal system and so devoid of meaning. So art in itself remains outside of this mass production, it only operates in part due to its own value set in the game, which so ciety learned to appreciate and which is owned for the trade. A recent example of art that remains in its original focus by matching its creation to what is really happening the massification of the artistic operation- are the paintings of Andy Warhol synthesizing popular images as expressions of beauty and authenticity. The progressive availability of leisure time generated by the process of industrialization and the subsequent massification of society helped to ensure a space and time for the individual creation while transforming the leisure time to an experience that was decimated by alienated labor, with no broad access to the insights and knowledge that was being generated in the academy and in the circles of artists and critics, the mass man, the proletarian man only knew about art and took it for his action and enjoyment without having an accurate impression of it, and without really caring for it, he wanted to use it for the same purposes of the market to which he was submitted, namely that art was used and held in ordinary products that entertained the desire for consumerism and the emotionality of the current common man. It would be very different if the leisure time had been exercised as a Dionysian experience. The avant-garde artists who transformed art towards the end of the XIX century have carried out the reassembly of the heroic and tragic nature of the ancient Greek creators. It sounds as if the emergence of mass culture made this release of the arts accessible to all, but rather the case is that the value placed by the market on the production of art has generated a production of works that lack of critical review since it merely responds to the purist measures of the economic system. In modern, Western societies, according to Bourdieu, the field of culture likewise operates according to a disguised logic of deferred interest. The market of symbolic goods assigns cultural value to those works, and those authors, that defer immediate returns: high art is differentiated from low culture with the formers apparent distance from or denial of temporal rewards. In The Rules of Art (1992), Bourdieus most sustained examination of literature, he shows how the novelist Gustave Flaubert, among other late nineteenth-century writers, sought to constitute a literary field whose autonomy was defined by its rupture with the economic order (121). With the triumph of moder nism, literature (and art) would no longer be subject either to financial patronage or to the emerging mass market. (Beasley-Murray, 2004). Accordingly, art disappears from the common domain, and this disappearance reaches its antithetical expression in the work of Warhol, as referring to the alternative destination in which the masses of humanity would reach the learning and enthusiasm for works of art without that their approach has been crossed by the created urgencies and obligations of a business or economic system, therefore a mass production of artworks by a genuine and autonomous view, generating a collective exaltation and inspiration, so as to the mood of the avant-garde. The cultural changes that occurred towards the end of the nineteenth century have a thoughtful, academic, philosophical and traditional source. The thoughts generated from that source have a countercultural nature as they opposed to the established values. The criterion of truth and authenticity became a basis for the work of artists and critics. The masses turned out to be excluded from the proper creation or contemplation of artworks, which became distinctive of a circle of artists and critics. Valuation of art by the market so as to achieve its operation and claim its ownership, but without achieving a valid operation, as a result: a mere consumption, abandonment, and indifference. Relevance of art and artists in that they initially focus on that hint of inspiration rejection of the biased way to artistic creation provided by modern thinking, and that this momentum of genuineness can turn on the same common process that overlooks art at present, so that to achieve its representa tion.

Hdfc Bank Credit Cards

| Contents TOPIC : â€Å"STUDY OF HDFC BANK CREDIT CARDS TOWARDS CUSTOMER†1 1. Context /Background3 2. Summary and literature review4 3. Questions and hypotheses and justification6 4. Summary of method7 4. 1:Research instruments7 5. Ethics and Safety Requirements8 6. Limitations9 7. Implications10 8. Research Timetable11 9. References12 STUDY OF HDFC BANK CREDIT CARDS TOWARDS CUSTOMER 1. Context /Background Housing Development Finance Corporation Bank of India was incorporated in the year in August 1994 after the changes that were made by Reserve Bank of India, which is by allowing for the establishment of private sector banks in India.This is an assignment made on the sales of the bank credit cards because this is a vast subject that is to be studied in a country like India. India is a large country with diversities, so the customer interaction with be different in each and every place, that may be the language, environmental factors etc. According to my study I would like to suggest that the industries go through narrow phases like introduction, growth, maturity and declines. But these may vary from one place to another comparatively on interceptions and interpretations. In India there a various banks like public sector and private sector banks.And today the private sector banks are giving a tough fight for the public sector banks so called government banks. So considering all these factors I would like to discuss the topic credit cards of HDFC Bank Ltd because there is a tough competition and in this competitive situation how the customers can be satisfied with the bank. In today’s world of competition customer is the supreme for the bank so customer service and customer satisfaction are the main areas were the concentration is to be made. HDFC Bank ltd has got various types of credit cards for different consumers.It has made a very good market catching plan by introducing different types of cards to different types of customers like for workin g class, business class and special cards for women. The different types of cards that they have introduced are like Gold Credit Card, Women’s Gold Credit Card, Business Gold Credit Card, Titanium Credit Card, Business Platinum Card, Platinum Chip Credit Card all these are regular card and there are premium cards like World Master Credit Card, Visa Signature Credit Card and also there are Super Premium cards like Infinia and Regalia cards.All the above mentioned cards are of different credit limit. All these cards are given to the consumers according to their bank transactions ant measured value of customers according to their efficiency so all types of customer get the privilege of using credit card. In India use of credit card is a privilege. So the HDFC Bank ltd aiming this point of view of customers they have satisfied the needs of customers according to the customer wants. In my study ill will show about the HDFC Bank and their role towards customers. 2. Summary and lite rature reviewI will be showing in this study of HDFC Credit Card towards customers as they have many positive and few negative things towards the usage of credit card. There are three factors of customers that i have taken into consideration that is satisfaction of customer, security and payment default of customer. In this study I have a personal experience with the sales of HDFC Credit Cards so that I know what the customer prefer what are their needs, i have a basic practical research on this. And also in my study i have done a review of different people what is their opinion about credit card towards customers.There is a lot of study made by various people in the literature review and tried to prove various points like why people start using credit cards by Berthoud and Kempson in 1992, Lea, Webly and Levine in 1993, Lea, Webly and Walker in 1995, Livingstone and Lunt in1992, Tokunaga in 1993, Kaynak and Harcar in 2001. all these people have made an enormous ways of study in cre dit and customers. In one of the study referred in that Tokunaga in 1993 tried to prove himself by getting involved in profile individuals who are using credit cards and also the related problems of it faced by the customers.He made a detail study that whether the consumers are able to use or not efficient to use consumer credit card effectively and in his theory he made a research on consumer behaviour, psychology and substance abuse. He came to know from the study that abortive users appeared to have more external locus of control, lower self efficiency, considered money as a spring of power and prestige. Cox and Jappelli in 1993 initiated that the demand of credit card positively related to permanent earnings and net worth and negatively related to income and age.Duca and Rosenthal in 1993 in their search recognizes that the credit demand of young households is positively related to wealth, income and household size. Calem and Mester in 1995 in their study they investigated the c ircumstances of the people whether they have the efficiency of paying their credit card debts and they recognized that the card holders with a very high unpaid due or debts had a higher probability of payment default. One of the study made by Ankara Chamber of Commerce (ATO) in this study unimpeded that â€Å"what the consumers says for the credit cards? ,it was designed to find that the number credit card a holder having, the interest rates, amount of the card debts of the consumers, expenses that have been made by the credit card and the problems that have been caused by the use of credit cards. Slocum and Mathews in 1970 made a test that whether social class and income class can be considered as indicators of consumer behaviour by using the data that is obtained from nearly 2,032 commercial bank credit card holders in USA.In their study they observed that people of various segments gave their views as different credit card using patterns, and they found that the social class is not the most useful market segmentation variable for the credit card behaviour of consumers and came to a conclusion that the income level is better indicator of consumer card behaviour than social class. Again in 1969 Mathews and Slocum in their study found that the card holders who have low income and socio economic status used credit cards to spawn revolving credit more habitually than the affluent and elevated class card holders.Ankara Chamber of Commerce says that according to their survey results that 70. 6% of the card holders will be using more than one credit card, 50. 3% of the people have the difficulty in the payment of credit card bills, 24. 2%of the people paid their all debts every month and 25% of the people did not even bother of repaying the amount. According to the Novilities et al of 2003 there are inconsistent conclusions in the literature about the effect of psychological factors cause a creation of debt.Some of the studies come to a conclusion that people with outsized amount of personal debt are not demographically different from others. For instance, Livingston and Lunt in 1992 instituted that the debt is common among individuals with high income and less children. In 1993 Lea et al. studied that the serious debtors are varied from the non-debtors in terms of sociological, economical and psychological variables and gentle debtors are generally intermediate between the two.Ausubal in 1997 and Domowitz and Sartain in 1999 instituted that there is a positive relationship between credit cards and personal bankruptcy. Warren-Tyagi in 2003 in his study he says that credit cards provide temporary opportunities for the people to continue their life values when their income is not sufficient. It is like they want to go above their limits to get the needs that are not necessary. In one of the study made by Ahuja G and Singh in 2006, according to them the perceptions of nearly 160 customers of a place in usage of credit cards especially their gro wth of India.They say that 2/3rd of males and 1/3rd females use credit cards. People of age 40-50 years are the people who make more usage. Majority of the card holders are business man or serviceman. The whole study says that the bank should try to give equivalent attention to female consumers with some special offers and benefits. According to Saha p and Zhao Y in 2005 they analyzed that the relationship between service and customer satisfaction in credit cards are mainly of five service dimensions selected by them.Their survey says that efficiency, reliability, responsiveness, fulfilment, privacy, communication, personalization, technology update are the main factors for the customers. These have a strong impact on customer satisfaction. Here in above instances we are aware of different people given different interpretations, ideas, views regarding credit cards. Here in my study I have taken three major factors into consideration that is satisfaction of the customer, payment defa ult of the customer and the security of the credit card.Satisfaction of customers is how the customers are going to be satisfied with the product which is given by the bank. Paymentdefault is a major problem for the bank and also the customers the study is also made on this as key factor and security which each and every customer are find that as a very important factor because they require safety for their money and the credit card which may cause for the misappropriation of the account if lost or mishandled. All these factors are also studied with hypothesis below. 3. Questions and hypotheses and justificationQuestions 1. RQ1: Does the customer’s satisfaction affect credit cards? 2. RQ2: Is there any payment default? 3. RQ3: Do the customers have security for their credit card? SATISFACTION RQ 1 PAYMENT DEFAULT RQ 2 HDFC CREDIT CARDS RQ 3 SECURITY RQ1: HDFC Bank is a customer friendly bank and it try to have a good relationship with the customers by giving good service RQ2: Bank sees that there will be no more payment default and so that it will help the customer and the customer will have satisfaction with the service of the Bank.RQ3:Bank gives security to each and every customer of the bank it is like the credit customer credit card is the credit card of the bank so that it will be taken care of it so that there will be no misappropriation. 4. Summary of method In my study i can say that the customer’s attitude towards HDFC Bank credit card services was eloquent in nature. According to my secondary data study collected by me I would like to say that regarding the satisfaction, customer default and security collected the data feedback from the people to whom I have issued credit cards and use to have a discussion with them about the usage of the card.This was done in order to fully understand the existing banking scenario of the banking services. Firstly regarding satisfaction of customer is yes most of the customers preferably the working cla ss like the customers who work in companies and the companies will have tie up with the bank, in that the companies are graded and according to the grade of the company, the type of credit which the customer require will be given. So the customers of this kind are preferably more in the bank avoiding to my observance so these customers have good satisfaction.But there are instances where customers are not having a great satisfaction with the bank credit card. This is because of some there is some mishandling with the customers because they don’t use the credit card as per the guidelines, rules and regulations given by the bank. Even bank has got some drawbacks because the credit card is been sold out by the credit card sales representatives, so these so representatives don’t explain the customer systematically in a eager that they got a customer and the representatives will be in the only view of completing their target with the given data.I have made few discussions w ith customers to whom i have issued to get the feedback of the service given by the Bank and by myself. 4. 1:Research instruments Discussion: Direct discussion with the customer when he visited the bank for the payment of the credit card bill or by a telephone call after the credit card is issued. Geographical coverage: This study is taken on the customers of HDFC Bank customers. And the customers were from various places who had come for the sake of job.Place where I made my study is in India, Karnataka state, Mangalore. In my study i also found about the payment default of the customers due to various reasons that is; Late payment: This is a major mistake what the employees do, as soon as they get the bill they keep aside then forget to pay or just neglect it and due to this the bank will levy high charges because of the due of the bill. Then the customers start blaming the bank that the bank has unnecessarily levied high charges.Unwanted swiping: Customers once they get a credit card first they start is swiping everywhere for things which not required and the bank put sur charges for the swipes made which the customers some time won’t be aware of that then later the customer will blame the bank. So the bank has taken some precautions for this by giving some facilities like regular messages to the mobile phone, mailing the customer and also the customer can enquire through customer care centre. Security Customers in India are very careful when their using such kind of facility.They will be having lot of enquiries regarding the usage of credit card. They also prefer the card to be secured sop that if lost also any one should not be able to misuse it. So the banks give a pin or a security code to the customer and also insurance facility with the credit card. And if the card is lost and misused by any one the customer will get an alert on his cell or to his mail saying that the card is being swiped. So that he will come to know that if he is using or som eone else if using. 5. Ethics and Safety Requirements:While conducting my research i have taken into consideration that some kind of ethics and safety requirements are followed that are necessary. All the data which I have collected and presented is authentic one. All the research methods which have done is where other researchers have done in their study and I am going to use the method which the research’s have used in their early research study. Some of the ethics to be followed are: Understand would like to make the reader understand what is the research is made on. I have used the language in the way that is simple so that any reader can understand and find it easy.Disclosure: All the data which has been given in this research will have full authenticity. All the data and all the information given will be disclosed despite of being positive or negative in nature. Think about the data when the research is yet to begin would be unethical if the data used is not proper in n ature. To avoid this data will be re analysed before the study begins so that there will be a proper, supportive good data disclosed. Limits of internet: it would be unethical if the data that is applied in the research made by me would be abstracted directly from the internet and disclosed.All the literature and the data will be disclosed taken from internet and checking its authentication and researcher who has done before as the primary research. 6. Limitations 1. The study which i have made on is restricted to the customers of the place Mangalore and it was only about the bank which I was working. 2. There was a lack of co-operation from the customer’s side to give the required information to know or get back the feedback of the customer. 3. The study was restricted to only Mangalore. Hence caution need to be exercised in generalizing the results of the study. 4.The availability of time to carry out an overall exhaustive study was not enough to gather the complete scenari o. 5. In between the work load of the bank the study was conducted so factors may be missed out. 6. There is still study to made on this but due to the time shortage only few things are taken into consideration in my study 7. In some instances the customers are satisfied with the HDFC Bank and the services but in some cases customers are not satisfied with some factors. 8. Only around 50 % of the customers are satisfied with the interest rate on credit card purchase.Most of them believe that the researcher must be enthusiastic to provide some variety of compensation or benefits on the respond because interaction has sacrificed time and may even incur transportation cost to participate in the collection of data. Such responses should be restricted only to the non-financial such as the sharing of the data collection, results etc. 7. Implications The outcome of this research will let us know the customers if the bank better and the customer will come to know about some of the basic thi ngs of the bank credit cards.From this study I would prefer to say that the HDFC Bank should concentrate on the study of the customer card department of HDFC Bank and the credit card section should be in a position to direct the customers in all transactions and credit card queries. There should be a quick processing of the applications when an applicant is applied for credit card. There should be security for the credit cards that which has got a advanced technology so there no chance of misappropriation without the knowledge of the customer.The surcharge and other hidden charges that the bank will be charging on the customer should be informed properly to the customers. The message of the bill should be reached to the customers in time and the bank should keep a good friendly relationship with the customer and suggest the customer to pay the bill in time and also try to convince the customer if there is any pending of the bill to make the payment but convincing the customer in a v ery polite systematic way that the customer is satisfied with bank and do the payment which will be helpful for the customer as well as the bank.The sales representatives should give a clear picture or idea to their customers about the credit card services and all the queries. The research is based on the study made in a place called Mangalore of only one branch of the bank. Thought there are certain limitations feel that justice has been made to the subject and an attempt is made to present an overall picture about the banking experience in HDFC Bank. By conducting this study i would feel that the Bank may go for further improvements in the credit card section in their upcoming days so that it will be favourable to the customers and the bank.The success of the bank depends on the extent to which they are able to sustain the competitive advantages. The bank should also do such kind of studies so that it will come to know the customers wants and needs. 8. Research Timetable TIME FRAM E| MILESTONE| | | 20 JUNE 2012| Selection of assignment topic| 22 JUNE 2012| Enquire with the supervisor can the study be done or not| 25 JUNE 2012| Start with the topic| 26 JUNE 2012 to 27 JUNE| Context| 28 JUNE 2012| Summary of literature review| 9 JUNE 2012| Questions and hypotheses and justification| 30 JUNE 2012| Summary of the method, ethics and safety requirements, limitations| 1 JULY 2012| Implications| 9. References Mehta, Subhash, â€Å"India Consumer Behaviour, Studies and case for Marketing Divisions†, 1997 Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Co. , Ltd. , New Delhi. Kotari C. R, â€Å"Research Methodology† Wiley Eastern Ltd. , New Delhi Jean Pierre Jeannet, Hubbert D. Hannessey, â€Å"Global Marketing Strategies†, 2nd edition, Jaico Publishing House, New Delhi, 1999. Journals,publications,magazines and websitesSurvey of India Industry 2005, The Hindu. Goyal, A. 2004. Role of Supplementary Services in the Purchase of Credit Card Services in India. Asia Pacifi c Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 16(4): 36 Lee, J. , & Kwon, K. -N. 2002. Consumers' use of credit cards: Store credit card usage as an alternative payment and financing medium. The Journal of Consumer Affairs, 36(2): 239. Sulaiti, K. A. , Ahmed, Z. U. , ; Beldona, S. 2006. Arab Consumers' Behavior Towards Credit Card Usage: A Comparative Analysis of Consumers Across Middle Eastern Countries. Journal of T Adcock, W.O. , E. C. Hirschman and J. C. Goldstucker (1977). â€Å"Bank credit card users: an updated profile† Advances in Consumer Research, Vol. 4, pp. 236-241ransnational Management, 12(1): 65 Ausubel, L,M. (1997), â€Å"Credit card default, credit card profits and bankruptcy†, American Bankruptcy Law Journal, Vol. 71, pp. 249-270 Dunn, L. F. and Kim, T. H. (1999), An empirical investigation of credit card default, Working Paper, Ohio State University www. www. sebi. gov. in/dep/dcbdraft. pdf ezineartticles. com/online-credit-card-payment-service-HDFC-Anyone? &id=6907353 ttp://article. wn. com/view/2012/07/01/HDFC_Bank_aims_one_million_new_credit_cards_in_201213/ Credit Card Research Group (2001), Statistical Yearbook, Credit Card Research Group, London. Mackintosh, J (2001), The Financial Times, pp. 4. Horne, S, Worthington, S. (1999), â€Å"The affinity credit card relationship: can it really be mutually be Worthington, S (1999), â€Å"The plastic card and its role in customer relationship management†, Customer Relationship Management, Vol. 1 No. 3, pp. 199-20. neficial? â€Å", Journal of Marketing Management, Vol. 15 No. 7, pp. 603-1 ***

McDonalds and Social Responsibility

All companies have a responsibility to the public to ensure that their products are not harmful in any manner.   Presently, America is facing a national health crisis as the number of adults and children suffering from obesity continue to rise.   Companies that provide food to the public need to make sure their foods are nutritious and fit for human consumption. McDonalds was socially responsible in their actions to stop super-sizing food items.   McDonalds is aware of the obesity epidemic in America, and eliminating the oversized food servings might help in some small way.  Ã‚  Ã‚   After all, McDonalds has been nicknamed the â€Å"calorie king,† (Good Business Deeds, 2004).   Moreover, Morgan Spurlock caused McDonalds to be pressured even more after making a documentary of his experience of eating only food from McDonalds for a month.   He â€Å"gained 25 pounds, his cholesterol level soared, and his liver became impaired,† (McDocumented – One Month of living on Only McDonalds Food, n.d.). On the other hand, is McDonalds to blame for the obesity problems in America?   Hasn’t McDonalds always been socially responsible?   McDonalds has been in business for decades and has maintained life long customers and many of them are not obese.   McDonalds provides most of the same food products that it has always provided, including salads.   Is it their fault that people choose to order a burger and fries instead?   Maybe we need to look at the personal responsibility of consumers.   Society has changed, and more Americans lead a sedentary lifestyle than in the past.   Becoming more physically active definitely plays a role in the obesity crisis as much as our diets. Why has McDonalds been singled out over the super-sizing issue?   Even convenience stores provide super-sized soft drinks.   McDonalds is socially responsible, but individuals need to take more personal responsibility in eating a balanced diet and exercising. â€Å"In the 1990s, McDonalds spent over $3 billion dollars on recycled products,† (Good Business Deeds, 2004).   This clearly demonstrates that McDonalds is making an effort to be socially responsible.   Not just for show, but because of the values of the company.   â€Å"We take seriously our commitment to conducting our business in a way that respects the world around us and the issues that matter most to you,† (McDonalds Corporation, 2004). Although they will no longer continue to super-size, some consumers will eat twice as much of the regular size.   McDonalds is not to blame for gluttony.   McDonalds is simply providing a service that consumers want, fast and convenient foods.  Ã‚   That is what restaurants do.   They provide the types of food that people want to eat.   If consumers didn’t enjoy the food at McDonalds they wouldn’t buy it.   The problem with obesity is not a McDonalds issue. The problem is that too many Americans do not want to take responsibility for their personal choices.   McDonalds has restaurants all over the world, including most countries in Asia.   However, most people in Asian countries are fit and trim.   McDonalds is serving up the same food to them as it is to Americans, but they are not suffering from obesity.   May our problem is greed.   We are a materialistic society and we stuff our mouths with food, our closets with excessive clothing, and our bank accounts with money. We never seem to be able to satisfy our appetites.   So when McDonalds eliminated super-sized products we started eating twice as much of the smaller portions.   Whether or not a restaurant serves large or small portions, we will eat as much food as we want to eat.   The ‘food police’ cannot control how much anyone chooses to eat.   And we will continue to gain weight and suffer from poor health.   But this is the law of cause and effect.   Because we eat in excess we are affecting our health.   Because we refuse to exercise, our bodies will fail us.   It is not up to the government to punish the companies that make or provide food.   It is up to each person to take the time to plan and eat balance and healthy meals. We eat at McDonalds because we want instant gratification.   Isn’t it faster and easier to grab a burger on the way home from work, than to go home and good real food?   Isn’t it easier to take diet pills than to take a 30-minute walk each day?   We have the option of making decisions that are best for our health.   Unfortunately, the sad truth is that many of us are choosing to be obese, and we are in denial.   Our health is our responsibility. References Good Business Deeds (2004).   Retrieved April 8, 2007 from http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/business/july-dec04/corporate_12-23.html McDocument – One Month of Living on Only McDonalds Food (n.d.).   Retrieved April 8, 2007 from http://www.plastic.com/article.html;sid=04/01/28/07585282 McDonalds Corporation (2004).   Responsibility.   Retrieved April 8, 2007 from http://www.mcdonalds.com/corp/values/report/archive.RowPar.0001.ContentPar.0001.ContentPar0007.DownloadFiles.0001.File.tmp/CR_Report_(Revised).pdf            

Dutch vs. American Euthanasia Essay - 1250 Words

Dutch vs. American Euthanasia The Dutch take their euthanasia seriously. The Dutch government has resubmitted its proposal for formally legalizing assisted suicide and euthanasia, while modifying its controversial provision allowing euthanasia for children. When first proposed to Parliament over a year ago, the bill allowed for cases where children from 12 to 16 years old could request and receive euthanasia against the wishes of their parents. The modified proposal still allows child euthanasia in this age group, but not over parents objections [New York Times, 7/14/00]. Still unclear is the fate of another controversial feature of the original bill, allowing adults to sign advance directives requesting euthanasia in the†¦show more content†¦Hemlocks newsletter commented that the younger the person, the more likely he or she is to favor this legislation. The newsletter added that this is somewhat at odds with how Hemlock views its membership, since it sees itself as defending the interests of elderly ci tizens. (Humphry; Poll 9) A study of cancer patients found that terminally ill patients experiencing significant pain are more opposed to physician-assisted suicide than other terminally ill patients or the general public. The patients who did tend to favor assisted suicide were those who had been diagnosed with clinical depression. The researchers commented: Patients with pain do not seem to view euthanasia or physician-assisted suicide as the appropriate response to poor pain management. Indeed, oncology patients in pain may be suspicious that if euthanasia or physician-assisted suicide are legalized, the medical care system may not focus sufficient resources on provision of pain relief and palliative care (Emanuel 1809) * Researchers at Duke University recently surveyed hundreds of frail elderly patients receiving outpatient treatment and their families. The elderly patients themselves strongly opposed physician-assisted suicide: only 34% favored legalization, with support even lower among female and black patients. But 56% of their younger relatives favored it, and they wereShow MoreRelatedThe Debate About Euthanasia And Euthanasia1631 Words   |  7 PagesThe debates about euthanasia date all the way back to the 12th century. During this time, Christian values increased the public’s opinion against euthanasia. The church taught its followers that euthanasia not only injured individual people and their communities, but also violated God’s authority over life. 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